Relação anatômica da Bola de Bichat com ramos terminais do nervo facial / Anatomical Correlation among Bichat's fat pad with the Facial Nerve Terminal Branches

Introdução: A cirurgia de Bichectomia está sendo muito procurada por pessoas que visam diminuir o volume facial. O corpo adiposo da bochecha, ou bola de Bichat, possui uma complexa relação anatômica com estruturas faciais. Uma das complicações que o procedimento pode causar é a paralisia facial temporária ou permanente, em decorrência de injúrias causadas aos ramos terminais do nervo facial, devido à proximidade dessas duas estruturas anatômicas. Metodologia: O objetivo do presente artigo é enfatizar a relação anatômica da bola de Bichat com alguns ramos terminais do nervo facial através da dissecação de cadáveres. Foram feitas dissecações em três hemifaces de cadáveres humanos para a exposição do corpo adiposo da bochecha e dos ramos extracranianos do nervo facial. Resultados: A anatomia dos ramos terminais zigomáticos e bucais do nervo facial se mostrou variável em cada hemiface dissecada, mas sempre intimamente relacionados a bola de Bichat. Conclusões: O profissional que realiza a Bichectomia deve ter pleno conhecimento não só da técnica cirúrgica, mas também da variabilidade anatômica da região... (AU)

Introduction: The Buccal Fat Extraction surgery has been sought by people who aim to reduce facial volume. The Buccal fat pad has a complex anatomical correlation among the facial structures. The facial nerve paralysis is one of Bichat's fat extraction complications which might be temporary or permanent, due to the proximity of those anatomical structures. Methodology: The present article aims to emphasize the anatomical correlation between the Buccal fat pad and a few terminal branches of the facial nerve through the human cadaveric dissection. The dissection was performed on three human cadaveric hemifacial to expose the buccal fat pad body and the facial nerve extracranial branches. Results: The zygomatic and buccal terminal branches anatomy of the facial nerve has shown variables in each dissected hemifacial part. However, it has always presented closely related to Bichat's fat pad. Conclusions: The professional that performs the Buccal Fat Removal surgery must have to have the full knowledge not only about the surgical technique but the anatomical variability of the region, as well... (AU)

Comparison of hemodynamic effects of lidocaine, prilocaine and mepivacaine solutions without vasoconstrictor in hypertensive patients

OBJECTIVE: Local anesthetic solutions with vasoconstrictors are not contraindicated in hypertensive patients, but due to their hemodynamic effects, local anesthetics without vasoconstrictors are mainly preferred by the clinicians. The aim of this study was to compare hemodynamic effects of three different local anesthetics without vasoconstrictors during tooth extraction in hypertensive patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-five mandibular molars and premolars were extracted in 60 hypertensive patients (29 females and 31 males; mean age: 66.95 ± 10.87 years; range: 38 to 86 years old). Inferior alveolar and buccal nerve blocks were performed with 2 percent lidocaine hydrochloride (HCl), 2 percent prilocaine HCl or 3 percent mepivacaine HCl without vasoconstrictor. Hemodynamic parameters namely systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), saturation rate (SR), rate pressure product (RPP) and pressure rate quotient (PRQ) were investigated before and at different intervals after anesthetic injection. RESULTS: The hemodynamic effects of the three agents were similar to each other, although some significance was observed for DBP, MAP, RPP and PRQ values in the lidocaine, prilocaine and mepivacaine groups. CONCLUSION: Lidocaine, prilocaine and mepivacaine solutions without vasoconstrictor can be safely used in hypertensive patients. It is advisable that dental practitioners select anesthetic solutions for hypertensive patients considering their cardiovascular effects in order to provide patient comfort and safety.